Control apparatus



June 9, 1942. J. L. HARRIS 2,285,513

CONTROL APPARATUS Filed Deo. 30, 1939 L. l. .en supww "AIR "3* so www 6 07 l 8 ,":LA Ta MoToR g 5 ma a i r :v' f' r1 |05` n 'r1 loo.

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Gemes i Patented June 9, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CONTROL APPARATUS John L. Harris, polls, Minn., assigner to Minneapolis-Honeywell Regulator Company, Minneapolis, Minn., a corporation of Delaware Application December 39,' 1939, Serial No..311,883

a pneumatic control instrument in which a sin- 9Claims.

This invention relates in general to automatic controls and more particularly to pneumatic control systems for controlling heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems for buildings.

In the air conditioning art it has become common to provide for both cooling a building in summer and heating the building in winter, the heating and cooling being performed by the same apparatus. It has also become common to provide individual room or zone control in systems of this type.v For example, one well known form of heating and cooling system for a building consists of a central fan system wherein cold or hot air is delivered to the various rooms, the ow of air into each room or zone being controlled by a damper which is positioned by a thermostat responding to the temperature in the room. An-

other type of system employs unit conditioners in each room or zone, these conditioners being supplied with cooling medium in summer and heating medium in winter, the supply of cooling,

or heating medium to each conditioner being controlled by a valve under the control of an individual thermostat. For controlling heating and cooling systems of this type, pneumatic control systems are generally employed, special reversing thermostats being provided for providing proper control in summer and in winter, these thermostats being reversed from summer operation to winter operation by changing the pressure in a control line common to all of the thermostats, or by changing the direction of iiow of air through the the'rmostats. `In controlling building temperature, it is usually desirable to vary the temperature maintained by the temperature control system at times. For example, during the heating season it is desirable to lower the temperature in the building to a sub normal temperature during periods of nonoccupancy in order to conserve fuel. Similarly, during the cooling season it is desirable to allow the temperature to rise during such periods of non-occupancy. Also during the cooling season it is desirable to vary the temperature maintained within the building in accordance with outside temperature in order to maintain the temperature at whatever value is necessary for securing maximum comfort to the occupants.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a pneumatic control instrument and system which permits the action of thel'instrument gie condition responsive element controls a valve device and in which the action of the condition responsivev element is reversed by a lever system or linkage between the valve device and element, such lever system -or linkage being adjusted lfor providing direct or reverse action by means of a pressure responsive device controlledv from a remote point.

Another object of this invention-is the provision. of a reversing condition control instrument in which a single pressure responsive device controlled from a remote point both reverses the action oi the instrument and varies its control point.

A further object of this invention is the provision of a pneumatic control system in which change in pressure. in a single air line both reverses the action of a pneumatic control instrument and varies its control point.

'Another object of this invention is the provision of a pneumatic control instrument in which L f the condition responsive element is movably 'mounted and shifted in position by a pressure responsive device, change in position of the element reversing the action of the instrument.

For a full disclosure of this invention reference is made to the following detailed description and to the accompanying drawing in which Figure 1 shows asummer-winterfthermostat embodying the features of the present invention. this figure also showing diagrammatically one form of control for this thermostat,

Figure 2 shows a modified form ofl summerwinter thermostat, and y Figure 3 shows another modication.

Referring to Figure 1 reference character l infdicates a base or wall plate for the thermostat, this base having formed therein a diaphragm to be reversed from a remote point and which additionally permits the control point of the instrument to be varied from a remote point.

A further object of this invention is to provide air supply pipe.

chamber 2 communicating with a pipe connection 3. The base memlber l also includes a vent valvel chamber t and an inlet valve chamberv, this chamber 5 communicating with a pipe .connection 6 which is adapted for connection to an The base member .l also includes a, diaphragm chamber 1 communicating with a pipe connection 8 which is adapted for connection to a branch line leading'to a pneu- -matic motor controlled by the thermostat (not shown) Covering the chambers 2, 6 and l is a diaphragm 9, this diaphragm including a portion l0 covering chamber 2 and a portion ll covering chamber 1. cured in place by a cover plate l2, this cover plate being provided with anv opening I3 coin- The diaphragm 9 is secover 28.

ciding with chamber 1, and an opening i5 opposite the valve chambers 4 and 5. Located in the valve chamber 4 is a vent valve I6 preferably formed as a ball, this valve being urged towards closed position by means of a spring I1 secured in place by means of a plug I8, containing a'. vent having secured thereto a U-shaped bimetallic element 24. A spring 25 is provided 'adjacent the pivot 22 for urging the lever 23 in the counter-clockwise direction thus tending to cause this lever to engage a cam 26 which is secured to a dial 21 extending through the instrument This cam and dial are carried by a shaft 29 which shaft is rotatably secured to the base member I and carries a cam 30 and an ad' justing dial 3I. As will be later described in detail, the dial 3| and cam 3||l provide adjustment of the day setting of the instrument, and the cam 26 and dial 21 provide an adjustment for the night setting of the instrument.

The bimetallic element actuates a Vlever 33 which is pivoted at 34 to a plunger 35 which plunger is actuated by the diaphragm portion II which covers the diaphragm chamber 1. This diaphragm portion II is biased rearwardly by -means of a spring 36, this spring abutting an which contacts the diaphragm 9 opposite the inlet valve member I9 and serves to urge this member from'its seat upon clockwise. rotation of the lever 40. When lever 40 is in the control or neutral position shown, both the supply and vent valves are closed. A spring 45 is provided The valve 2,285,513 cidingwith the chamber 2, and opening I4 coinscrew 52 which is adapted to be engaged bythe lever 23 which carries the bimetallic element 24. The bracket 50 also .carries a lever 53 which is urged against a stop 54, which may be formed as'an extension of shaft 29, by means of a spring 55, an adjusting screw 56- being providedfor varying the tension of this spring. 'I'he lever 53 also carries an adjusting screw 51 adapted for engagement with the lever 23. e

The pipe connection 3 which communicates with the diaphragm chamber 2 is connected to a.I control line 60 which control line is connected to athree-way summer-winter changeover valve 6|. One inlet of this three-way valve 6|, is connected by a pipe 62 with a day-night control switch 63 which is in turn connected to an air.

supply line 64. This day-night control switch may be of' any Asuitable -type of manually ad- A justed pressure regulator and is providedl with 40. Lever 40 also carries an adjusting screw 44 for urging the valve lever 4|) in the counter' clockwise direction, this action being resisted by the lever 33, whichl lever is actuated by `the thermostatic element 24 through either theV abutment screw 4| or the abutment screw 42 depending upon whether the instrument .is adjusted for summer or winter operation. It will be' noted that the abutment screw 4| is adapted to contact the front face ofv lever 33 at a point .above pivots 34 and 39. The'abutment screw 42 however `is provided with a head which is adapted to engage the rear face of lever 33 at a point below pivots 34 and 39. This abutment screw may either extend around lever 33 or may extend through a slot formed in this lever.

Mounted on the cover plate I2 is a bracket which bracket carries a leaf spring member 5| which member is arranged so as to engage the .front face oi the day adjustment cam' 30. This leaf spring member 5| carries an adjusting a handle 65 for causing this device -to maintain either 5 lbs. pressure in pipe 62 or zero pressure in this pipe. During the winter the changeover valve 6I is positioned for connecting pipes 62 and for thereby placing the day-night control in control of the pressureapplied to diaphragm chamber 2 of the thermostat. During the summer the three-way valve 6| is positioned lfor disconnecting the day-night control 6 5 from the control line 60 and connecting this control line to a pipe 66 which leads from a second threeway valve61. `This three-way valve 61 has one inlet connected by'pipe 66 directly to the air supply pipeA 64 and has its other inlet connnected by a pipe 69 to a master thermostat 10 which -is located -so as to respond to outside temperature. This master thermostat 10 is connected to the air supply pipe 64 and may be adjusted so as to vary the pressure in pipe 69 from 10 lbs. to l5 lbs. upon rise in outside temperature from '15 to 100.

With the parts in the positions shown the changeover valveSI is positioned for placing the thermostat on winter operation, that is, it is positioned for connectingthe day-night control 65 to the control line 60 of the thermostat, this control line 60 at this time being disconnected from the three-way valve 61. Also the day-night control 63 is positioned for night operation, or in other words, this control is positioned for completely venting the control line 60 thereby causing the pressure in diaphragm chamber 2 to equal atmospheric pressure. This permits the spring 25 to rotate the lever for causing it to engage the night adjustment cam. 26. At this time the bimetallic element 24 is positioned so that the abutment screw 4I engages the lever 33 and the A. to 4the right which will through abutment screw 42 cause the lever 33 to rotate counter-clockwise about pivot 34 which will cause the valve lever 40 to rotate clockwise against the action of spring 45, this causing the adjusting screw 44 to urge the supply valve I9 from its seat which permis air under pressure to enter the diaphragm chamber 1 and to ilow from this chamber through pipe connection 3 to the pneumatic motor controlled by the thermostat. Assuming that this pneu'- matic motor is of the direct acting type, the increase in pressure will cause it to decrease the flow of heating medium to the room controlled by the thermostat. As the pressure in diaphragm chamber 1 increases, it will force the diaphragm portion II to the right against'the ter-clockwise by spring action of spring I6 which will cause the lever 33 to rock clockwise about its point of engagement with the head of adjusting screw 42, this causing the valve lever v4I! to be returned to its neutral position kwherein the supply valve is closed. It will be apparent that the increase in pressure caused by proportionate to the rise in temperature. If the room temperature decreases, the lower end oi the biinetallic element 26 will swing to the left thus causing clockwise rotation of lever 33 about pivot 34 under the action of rocking of valve lever urging the vent valve mits air to iiow from the pneumatic motor being controlled and the diaphragm chamber i to atmosphere, thereby reducing the pressure applied to this motor for causing it to increase the amount of heating medium supplied to the room. As the pressure in diaphragm chamber l decreases, the spring 35 will urge the diaphragm portion il and plunger 35 to the left for thereby rocking lever 33 clockwise about its point of engagement with abutment screw 52, this action causing the valve lever 4@ to be urged clockwise against the acion of spring 55 for thus returning it to its neutral position wherein both the supply valve and vent valve are closed. From the foregoing description it with the parts in the position shown upon decrease in temperature in the room the pressure applied to the pneumatic motor is decreased proportionately to the decrease in temperature and that upon increase in temperature this pressure is increased proportionately to the temperature increase. By rotating the dial 21 and cam 25, the position of the bimetallic element 24 when the thermostat is on its night setting may be adjusted to whatever night temperature is desired'.

spring 55 which permits to counter-clockwise for L When it is desired to cause the thermostat to maintain the desired daytime temperature, the control 65 is positioned to its day setting which will apply 5 lbs. pressure to the diaphragm charnber -2. This pressure will cause the diaphragm portion i acting through plunger I0' to urge the lever 23 against the action of spring 25, clockwise until it engages the adjusting screw 52 which is carried by the leaf spring This leaf spring 5i is designed so as to resist the force produced by 5 lbs. pressure on the diaphragm portion Ill and thus acts as a stop for the lever 23, the position of this stop being determined by the adjustment rise in temperature will be i5 from its seat which perwill be apparent that diaphragm portion l0 -i'rom 5 lbs. to l0 lbs. due to the thermostat applied tothe control line 60. When this changeover' ismade, the pressureapplied to the diaphragm portion III will be suddenly raised I0 being adjusted so as to maintain aminimumof Y10 lbs. pressure in its control line. This increase in pressure from 5 lbs. to 10 lbs. applied to the will cause it to overcome the spring 5i thus causing the lever 23 to be rotateduntil it engages which acts as a stop. This adjusting screw is adjusted so as to permit considerable movement oi the lever 23 and the bimetallic element 24, the lower end of this bimetallic element swinging rearwardly. This action causes the abutment screw t2 to disengage lever and causes the abutment screw el to now engage this lever. It will be noted that the abutment screw` Q2 abuts the lever 33 on the opposite side of pivots 3.4 and 39 from the abutment screw to increase the supply of cooling medium to the n room. As the pressure appliedto the motor decreases, the spring 35 forces the diaphragm portion il to the left which permits lever 33 to rock clockwise about its point o f engagement with abutment screw 5i which causes the valve lever to to be returned to its neutral position when the pressure corresponds to the new position of bimetallic element 26. Conversely upon a. decrease in temperature in the room the lower end of bimetallic element 24 swings rearwardly thus causing counter-clockwise rotation of lever 33 of the cam 30 by its adjusting dial 3|. As the lever 23 rotates clockwise the lower end of the bimetallic element 23 will be shifted rearwardly which action will cause rocking of the lever 33 about `pivot 34 in the cockwise direction which will permit the valve lever Il to be urged counfor opening the vent valve, this reducing the pressure applied to the pneumatic motor being controlled to zero. Thus at such time a maximum amount ofA heating medium will be supplied to the roomfor causing its temperature to rise ,to the day setting. As

the room temperature rises, the lower end of the bimetallic element 24 will swing forwardly and when the room temperature rises to the new setting of the thermostat it will again modulate the pressure in its branch line in the manner described in detail above.

`During the cooling season, cooling medium is supplied to the room instead of heating medium and at this time the changeover valve 5| and three-way valve 51 are positioned for placing the :master thermostat l0 in control of the pressure about pivot 34 which rocks valve lever 40 clockwise against the actionof spring 45 for opening the supply valve and increasing the pressure applied to the vpneumatic motor which will decrease the supply cf cooling medium to the room. x

The 'adjusting screw 51 may be adjusted so that when it is engaged .by the lever 23 the position of the bimetallic element 24 is such that it will maintain a desired temperature such as `F. As the outside temperature increases above 75 F. the master thermostat 10 will increase the pressure applied to the control line 5i! which will cause the diaphragm portion lli to urge lever 23 clockwise, this action now being resisted by the spring 55 and also by springs 25 and 5I. Thus the bimetallic element 24 will vbe positioned at a point wherein the combined force of springs 25, 5I and 55 justbalances the pressure applied to diaphragm portion l0. This clockwise rotation of the bimetallic element 24,v

as explained previously, will raise the control point of the thermostat. It will thus be apparent that when the instrument is on itsvsummer setting its control point Will and lowered with outsidetemperature thereby Vcausing the instrument temperature is necessaryin the room formalintaining it comfortable to the occupants. l

During the cooling season it maybedesirable to permit the temperature to rise to a maximum during periods of non-occupancy. 'This result is achieved by positioning the three-way valve El the adjusting screw 51 33 by a wide margin which at the same time rocks' valve This will.

be graduatingly 'raised to maintain Whate, 'r

" element 24 type lever which is pivoted to a bracket 92.

ing the instrument to be set at its so a's to connect the air supply line 84 directly to the control line 60 thereby applying maximum pressure to the diaphragm chamber 2 will swing forwardly preferably slotted for receiving abutment screws 4| and 42. 'I'his providesfor adjusting the positions of these abutment screws with relation to the pivots 34 and 39. This provides for varying the ratio of movement between the bimetallic and lever 33 and thus provides for adjusting the operating differential of the instrument. As the abutment screw `42 is eective only when the thermostat is adjusted for winter or direct action and as the abutment screw 9| is`on1y effective when the thermostat is adjusted for summer or reverse action this arrangement provides for independent differential adjustments of the thermostat when it controls direct acting or reverse acting.

Referring now to Figure 2 this gure shows a modified arrangement for securing the reversal of action ofthe instrument and also shows the application ofA the reversing mechanism to a thermostat of the bleed or iiapper valve type. In this figure the base member is provided with a bracket 16 carrying the lever 11 which in turn carries the U-shaped bimetallic element 18, a spring 19 being provided for urging the lever 11 against the night adjusting cam 80. The bi- 'metallic element 18 is bent at its lower end to provide an inclined portion 8| to which is secured a spring member 82 the position of which is adjusted by a screw 83. This member 82 en- I gages an abutment member 84 which in turn engages a iiapper valve lever 85 carrying a valve member 86 cooperating witha bleed port 81. This bleed port 81 may communicate with a relay 88 of a type well known inthe art, this relay being' provided with an air supply connection and 'with a connection to the pneumatic motor being controlled. The abutment member 84 is carried by a link 90 pivoted to the arm- 9| of abell crank lThis lever includes an arm 93 which is adapted for abutment member 84 so as to be attracted thereby. Upon an increase in room temperature, the bimetallic element 18 thereby causing the abutment member 84 to move in the same direction for causing the valve .member 88 to approach Athe bleed port 81 which will increase'the pressure applied to the pneumatic motor being controlled. Upon decrease in room temperaturel the bimetallic element will swing rearwardly which will cause theA abutment member 84 to rotate lever 85 counter-clockwise thus causing the valve member 88 to recede from bleed port 81 `thereby decreasing the pressure applied to the motor` being controlled and increasing the supply "of .cooling medium to the room.

When 5 lbs. pressure |05 for raising the control pointof-the instrument toits normal lday setting,.this bellows will expand 'for causing 4rotation of lever 11 against the action'of spring 19 until it engages the adjusting screw |08 which acts as a stop. The instrument will now maintain a higher roomtem perature as determined bythe adjustment oi the cam |01.

When the pressure applied to `bellows |05 is raised from 5 lbs. to 10 lbs. this bellows will overcome the spring |08 causing the lever 11` to engage the adjusting screw |03 for thereby rotating the flexible lever 98 clockwise about its pivot 99 which A will cause rotation of -the bell crank' clockwise engagement with a stop screw 94 andV with 'a second stop screw 95 carried by a bracket 98. This bell crank lever is actuated by means of a link 91 connected to a exible operating memy ber 98 which is pivoted at 99 to a. bracket |00 -which is mounted upon the base plate 15. This operating member 98 is connected to a biasing spring |0| by anadjusting sc rew |02, and also carries an adjusting screw |03 adapted for engagement with the lever 11 which lever is engaged by the bellows |05 secured to the base member 15 and communicating with the control line corresponding' to the control line 80 of Figure 1.

The bracket |00 also carries a leaf spring |08 which engages the day adjusting cam |01 and which carries an adjusting screw |08 adapted for engagement with the lever 11.

With the parts in the positions shown, zero pressure is applied to the bellows |05 for causnight setting on winter operation. 'I'he lever 11 thus engages the night setting adjusting cam 80. At this time the spring |0| urges the iiexible lever 98 counterclockwise about its pivot 99 which causes the bell crank lever-to be positioned for causing its arm 93 to engage the stop screw 94. This causes the arm 9| to raise the abutment member 84 to the position shown wherein it is located above the pivot o! the ilapper valve lever 85. The

` application of the thermostat mechanism of Flgadjusting screw |03 and f.' parent that by adjusting the stops 94 about its pivot until the arm 93 engages the stopscrew 95. This will cause lowering of the abutment member 84 to a point belowthe piv'ot of dapper valve lever thereby reversing the action of the instrument. At thesame time that the abutment member' 84 is being lowered the bimetallic element 18 will be rotated clockwise. 'I'his action is compensated for by the inclination of the member 82 which is adjusted so that the control point -is not changed while the bell crank is rotating between its stops 94 and 95. The the biasing spring |8 may be adjusted changed to reverse or summer action, the instrument will maintain a temperatureof 75 F, Upon increase in pressure applied to the bellows |05 between 10' lbs. and 15 lbs. the abutment member 84 will remain stationary but the bimetallic element 18 will -be rotated for raising the control point of the instrument. this rotation being permitted by exing of the lever 98. It

and the positions of the abutment-member 84 action and reverse action may be independently adjusted thereby providing for independently adjusting the diierential of the instrument for both direct and reverse action.

Referring to Figure 3'. this ligure discloses the ure 1 toa thermostat of the ilapper valve type. In this ligure the thermostat includes a relay ||0 of well known form having av bleed port or nozzlel Il cooperating with a apper valve mem- ,ber ||2 carried by a lever ||3 which is pivoted' at ||4 to a bracket member or wall plate lever ||3 is provided tendsv to cause ||5 mounted to the base of the instrument. The

rotation of this lever vcounterclockwise, thereby biasing valve member I 2 away from bleed port 'I'he thermostatlc element 24' which corresponds to the thermostatic element 24 of Figure 1 is provided with a bracket is'applied to the bellows so that when the thermostat is will be ap-.I

for direct with a'weight ||8 which j aasssis m having e facel ns adapted to be engaged by f an abutment screw 'H9 carried by lever H3 at a point above the pivot H4. This lever H3 also carries an abutment screw IZB below pivot He,

will be apparent that when the thermostat is on its Winter setting, the lever il@ will be positioned i by the thermostatic element 2d' acting through perature, `the element 2t' will swing forwardly thus forcing the valve M2 towards port Hl thereby increasing the pressure applied to the controlled pneumatic motor for decreasing the supply oi heating medium. When the thermo-A l5 stat is placed on its summer setting,- the lower end of element 2e' will be shifted'rearwardlyas in Figure i, this causing the bracket" face llt to swing clear of abutment member H9 by a large margin and to cause the engage abutment member ld. The action of the instrument will now be reversed. It will bev understood that Figure 3 may be provided with the same adjusting mechanism as shown in Figure l.

While for convenience in illustration only one thermostat is shown as connected to the control line of Figure 1, it will be understood that in actual practice, as many thermostats as necessary for controlling the various rooms or zones.

of a building may be installed and that these thermostats may be controlled by a single control iine. ,y

For purposes 'of description various specific values of temperature and pressure have been values are illustrative only and may be varied considerably for different applications and adaptationsof the invention. inasmuch as variousmodiiications which are within the scope of this invention will occur' to those skilled in the art, 40

it is desired te be limited only by the scope or the appended claims. j

I claim as my invention:

.1. In ia control instrument, in combination, a

condition rresponsive element, a control-device, 4 5

lever means associated with said condition responsive element and said control device, said lever means causing actuation of said control device `by said condition responsive element and including means for adjusting the control point 5o of the instrument and for reversing the direction of actuation of said control device by said condition responsive element, and a motor for causing actuation of said lever means for reversing the control action of the instrument and varying the control point of the same, the direction of change in the vcontrol point being determined by the direction of movement of said motor.

2. In a pneumatic control instrument, in combination, a condition responsive element, control valve mechanism having a single operating member actuated by said condition responsive element, said control valve mechanism being adapted to change the, pressure -in a control line. in

accordance with the condition to which the condition responsive element responds, lever means including reversing -means interposed between said condition responsive element andsaid operating member for reversing the direction of movement of said member by said element,

meansproviding for adjusting the control point f of the instrument. and a single pressure motor for actuating said last recited means and said reversing means for thereby reversing the action element 2d to .now 20 mentioned. It will be understood that these 35 upon change in pressure applied to said pressure motor,'the direction of change in the control ber actuated by said condition responsive means,

said control valve mechanism being :adapted to abutment screw M9. Thus upon a rise in teml0.

change the pressure in a control line in accordance with the condition to vwhich the condition l responsive means responds, reversing means for reversing the direction of actuation of said mem- `ber by said condition responsive means, means for adjusting the control point of the instrument, and means including a pressure motor for causing operation 'of said reversing means upon movement of the pressure motor through one portion of its range oi movement and for influencing said control point adjusting means in another portion of its range of movement, the direction of change in the control point being determined by the direction of movement oi said motor.

4. In a pneumatic control system, in combina tion, a pneumatic control instrument comprising a condition responsive means, control valve mechanism having a single operatingv member actuated by said condition responsive meansJ said control valve mechanism being adapted to change the pressure applied to a pressure responsive device in accordance with the condition to which.

the condition responsive means responds, reversing means for reversing the direction of pres'- sure change produced by said control valve ymeans with respect to variations in said condition, means for adjusting the ycontrol point of the instrument including an air line, pressure motorv means responsive to the pressure in said air line, said pressure motor means causing operation of said reversing means upon change in pressure in said air line through a predetermined rangev and iniluencing said control point adjusting means upon change in pressure in said air line through a different range, and means for graduatingly varying the pressure in said air line,-.the direction of change in the vcontrol point being determined by the direction of change in. pressure in said air line. A

5. A pneumatic control instrument comprising condition responsive means, control valve means, connecting means between said condition responsive means and said control valve means, said connecting means including a iirst lever arranged to actuate said control valve means and a second lever actuated by said condition responsive device, lsaid levers 'being side -by side and said secondlever being pivoted at a point intermediate its ends, selective connecting means for connecting said condition responsive means to `said=second lever on one side or the other of said pivotfor providing either direct or reverse action., independently adjustable means "for determining the 'distances from said pivot of said selective connecting means on either side of said i'lrst pivot for thereby providing for independent differential adjustments for-direct and reverse I means, connecting means between said condition of the instrument and varying its control point responsive means and said control valve means,v

said connecting means including a rst. lever arranged to actuate said control valve means and a second lever actuated by said condition responsive device. said levers heinggside by side and said second lever being pivoted at a point intermediate its ends, selective vconnecting means for connecting said condition responsive means to said second lever on one side or the other of said pivot for providing either director reverse action, means 4for varying the control point of the instrument, an -air line, pressure motor means connected to said air line for operating said selective connecting means and said control point varying means for reversing the action of the instrument and changing its control point upon change in pressure in said air line, means for l changing the pressure in said air line, and

manual adjusting means associatedswith said instrument for determining the control point of the instrument when operating direct acting and for determining the control point of the instrument when operating reverse acting.

7. In a pneumatic control system, in combination, a pneumatic control instrument comprising condition responsive means, control valve means, connecting means between said condition vresponsive means and said control valve means,

said connecting .means including a ilrst lever lsaid second-lever on one side or the other oi said pivot for providing either direct or reverse action, means for varying the control point of the instrument, an -air line, pressure motor means connected to said air line for operating said selective connecting means and said control point varying means for reversing the action oi' the instrumentupon change in pressure in said air line through a predetermined range and forvarying the control point upon change in pressure in said air line through a predetermined dierent range, and means for graduatingly varying the g pressure in said air line.l

movement of the condition responsive element on its movable mounting means, and a pressure mol tor for shifting the position of said condition responsive element to thereby reverse the action of said condition responsive element on said valve mechanism.

9. In a pneumatic control instrument. in c om-` bination, condition responsive means and conarranged to actuate said control valve means and trol valve mechanism actuated thereby, means for reversing the action of the instrument, means for varying'the control point of the instrument when the instrument is operating eitherdirect acting-or reverse acting',` an air line, and means including pressure motor means responsive tov the pressure in said air line for actuating said reversing and control point varying means in a" manner to vary the control point ot said instrument uponchange in pressure in said control' line through a .iirst range, to reverse the action of the instrument upon Vchange in pressure'in the air line through a second range, and to vary the control point of the instrument while acting A reversely upon change in pressure the air vthrough a third range'.

JOHN L. HAIiJEtIS.v 

